Kidchakan Supamattaya, Noppadon Sukrakanchana, Mali Boonyaratpalin, Dian Schatzmayr and Vuttikorn Chittiwan

pp. 91 - 99

Abstract

Ochratoxin A (OTA) and deoxynivalenol (DON), naturally occurring contaminants of animal feed,
have been implicated in several mycotoxicoses in farm livestock but there is little information on their toxicity
in aquatic invertebrates. Therefore, in the present study an 8-week feeding trial was conducted on black tiger
shrimp (Penaeus monodon) to assess the effects of OTA and DON on growth performance, haemolymph
parameters and histopathology of shrimp. Results showed that feed supplemented with DON caused no
effect on growth or survival rate of the shrimp. However, shrimps fed DON feed diet with 1,000 ppb showed
significantly higher growth performance. No significant difference in total haemocyte counts (THC) was
found in shrimp fed mycotoxins-supplemented feed. Feeding high level of OTA (1,000 ppb) caused a decrease
in phenoloxidase (PO) activity. Although no histopathological change was observed, decrease in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic-pyruvic
transaminase (SGPT) levels in shrimp fed OTA or DON indicated that mycotoxin may impair the functioning
of hepatopancreatic cells. Since no adverse effect occurred with the highest levels of OTA and DON (1,000
and 2,000 ppb, respectively) on haemolymph parameters and no residue was detected at the completion of
the 8-week feeding period, it can be concluded that shrimp feeds occasionally contaminated with OTA or
DON have no negative impact on the shrimp culture industry.

Keywords

• toxin
• ochratoxin A
• deoxynivalenol
• growth performance
• immuno-physiological
  parameters
• black tiger shrimp
• Penaeus monodon