Theerakamol Pengsakul, Napadol Sudsom, Gregory Foakes, Kartik Bhatt, Marisa Eisenberg and Padet Siriyasatien

DOI: 10.14456/sjst-psu.2017.89

pp. 731 - 737

Abstract

Culicine mosquitoes are medically important vectors. Therefore, mosquito control measures are a crucial strategy to
interrupt disease transmission. Collection of data on mosquito feeding patterns is crucial for developing an effective vector
control strategy. The objective of this study was to use molecular biology methods to identify the sources of DNA in
mosquito blood meals. The DNA from blood meals in the mosquito stomachs was extracted and amplified with multiplex PCR,
using specific primer sets based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, to identify the DNA sources among human, pig,
goat, dog, cow, and chicken. Among the 297 mosquito samples collected in the Songkhla province of Thailand, in Aedes spp.
mosquitoes the percentages positive for human, dog, pig, chicken, cow, a mixture of 2 vertebrate DNAs, or of 3, and negative
(no identified DNA) were 61.90, 2.38, 2.38, 0.60, 0.60, 4.18, 1.20 and 26.79% respectively. In Culex spp. blood meals the rank
order was different: fractions positive for chicken, human, dog, cow, goat, pig, a mixture of 2 or 3 vertebrate DNAs, and
negative were 40.83, 10.00, 5.00, 4.17, 1.67, 0.83, 8.32, 3.32 and 25.83% respectively. This study shows that feeding behaviors
of the two species differ, with most Aedes spp. blood meals containing human blood, while Culex spp. had primarily consumed
chicken blood. An improved understanding of the feeding behaviors of mosquitoes could contribute to new, more effective
strategies for the control of mosquito populations.

Keywords

• cytochrome b gene
• multiplex PCR
• Aedes spp.
• Culex spp.
• blood meal