Nutnicha Khomphimai, Chananchida Samranthin, Kanokporn Chaianunporn, Wibhu Kutanan, and Thotsapol Chaianunporn

DOI: 10.14456/sjst-psu.2020.72

pp. 573 - 584

Abstract

We investigated genetic diversity, population structure, and demographic history of a Catopsilia pomona population in
Khon Kaen Province, Thailand, using partial 863 base pairs cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences among various
sampling locations and periods. We collected 10 butterfly individuals from 3 locations and from 2 periods, before migration
(March to April 2017) and after migration (May to June 2017). The sequence analyses of 60 butterflies revealed 36 haplotypes
defined by 36 polymorphic sites. In the six groups we studied, the haplotype diversity in each group was high (0.667–0.978),
whereas the nucleotide diversity was relatively low (0.002–0.006). The haplotype diversity and the number of haplotypes
increased after migration in all locations. The Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) showed no differences between the
groups before and after migration (Φ_ct=−0.030, P>0.9) and among sampling locations (Φ_ct=−0.001, P>0.4). The Bayesian skyline
plot indicated a previous demographic expansion since the Middle Pleistocene.